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农业部关于进一步加强兽药质量安全监管工作的通知

作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-07-09 00:18:13  浏览:8530   来源:法律资料网
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农业部关于进一步加强兽药质量安全监管工作的通知

农业部


农业部关于进一步加强兽药质量安全监管工作的通知

农医发[2012]16号



  近年来,各级畜牧兽医管理部门按照我部统一部署,积极履行兽药监管职责,不断加大工作力度,强化日常监管,深入开展专项整治,严格监督执法,取得了明显成效。但是,当前兽药质量安全问题仍然突出,兽药监管任务依然艰巨。为贯彻落实《国务院关于加强食品安全工作的决定》(国发[2012]20号)要求,规范兽药市场秩序,提高兽药质量安全水平,保障养殖业健康发展和动物产品质量安全,现就进一步加强兽药质量安全监管工作通知如下。

  一、进一步提高认识,增强做好兽药质量安全监管工作的责任感和紧迫感

  兽药是用于预防、治疗和诊断动物疾病的特殊商品,是养殖业生产中不可或缺的重要物质,事关重大动物疫病防控成效和养殖业健康发展,事关动物产品质量安全和公共卫生安全。做好兽药质量安全监管工作意义重大,责任重大。各级畜牧兽医管理部门要站在讲大局、讲政治的高度,充分认识加强兽药监管工作的重要性,不断增强责任感和紧迫感,以对国家、对人民高度负责的态度,以更加有力的措施和更加扎实的作风,认真履行法律法规赋予的监管职责,切实做好兽药质量安全监管工作。

  二、进一步狠抓落实,确保监管工作取得实效

  (一)扎实做好日常监管工作。要强化源头治理,严格兽药市场准入,健全完善工作机制和监管措施,全面加强兽药研制、生产、经营和使用日常监管。严格执行兽药行政审批规章制度,规范工作程序,严把审核审批关。建立完善日常巡查、监督检查、飞行检查等制度,多层次、多形式开展监督检查工作,确保兽药生产质量管理规范(兽药GMP)和兽药经营质量管理规范(兽药GSP)得到有效执行。加强兽药标签说明书管理,监督企业使用合法规范的兽药标签、说明书和商品名。加强兽药使用监管,督促养殖者建立健全用药记录制度,严格执行休药期。

  (二)深入开展兽药市场专项整治。组织开展兽药市场专项整治,针对重点监管对象和重点查处范围实施重点整治。重点监管对象:兽药质量抽检通报中被通报的兽药生产企业和重点监控企业,以及抽检中回函确认非该企业产品批次较多的兽药生产企业;重大动物疫病疫苗生产企业。重点查处范围:禁用兽药、未经农业部批准使用的兽药;非法企业及合法企业套用或伪造文号的产品;列入农业部兽药质量通报的假劣兽药以及过期、变质失效兽药;擅自改变组方、规格、用法用量、靶动物和适应症的兽药;未取得《进口兽药注册证书》、未办理《进口兽药通关单》或未按规定完成批签发手续的进口兽药。

  (三)强化兽药GSP的贯彻和实施。全面实施兽药GSP,切实加强兽药经营监管和执法检查。组织开展兽药经营资质清理,对未达到兽药GSP要求的兽药经营者实施清理;依法查处和取缔无证经营、超范围经营等违法行为。对辖区内依法取得兽药经营许可证的兽药GSP经营企业,要开展监督检查,重点检查产品来源、购销记录等兽药GSP有关规定执行情况,依法查处违反兽药GSP规定的行为。

  (四)狠抓兽用抗菌药专项整治和残留监控。加强兽用抗菌药专项整治和兽药残留监控。采取多种形式,加强宣传教育和培训,引导养殖者合理、规范用药;加强养殖场(小区、户)用药安全监管,加大督查指导、抽检和巡查工作力度,督促养殖者建立健全用药记录制度,严格执行休药期规定;严厉打击超剂量超范围用药、违规使用原料药、不执行休药期等滥用抗菌药物的违法行为。认真组织实施兽药残留监控计划,加大兽药残留监测力度,扩大检测范围和频率,完善残留超标追溯制度,严厉查处超标产品,提高残留检测效能。加快执业兽医队伍建设,抓紧建立实施兽用处方药制度,促进规范用药。

  (五)强化兽药质量监督抽检和“检打”联动。对兽药质量加强监督抽检。根据辖区实际情况,科学合理制定抽检计划,加大经费投入,进一步提高抽检频率和覆盖面。各级 兽药检测检验机构要创新监督抽检工作机制,对重点监管对象实施跟踪抽检和定向抽检,提高监测工作的客观性和针对性。进一步健全完善抽检程序和通报制度,强化抽检结果利用,实施“检打”联动,做到一地查处,系统通报,全国清缴。加大进口兽药产品抽检比例,严把进口兽药质量关。

  (六)加强疫苗质量监管。进一步强化疫苗质量监管,加大监督检查工作力度,严格实施日常监督、飞行检查、驻厂监督、批签发等管理制度,监督企业严格按照兽药GMP要求组织疫苗生产和检验活动。规范疫苗的运输和保存,加强疫苗使用管理,规范建立免疫档案。加强规模养殖场重大动物疫病疫苗采购和使用的监督管理,建立真实完整的疫苗采购使用记录。重点打击制售假劣疫苗、疫苗生产企业利用“高端疫苗”、“浓缩苗”等宣传手段违规销售重大动物疫病疫苗以及走私疫苗等违法行为。

  (七)进一步加大违法行为查处力度。对日常监管中发现的违法、违规行为,要依法进行处理,严禁有案不查、搞地方保护,确保违法案件得到有力查处。对非法产品一律实施清缴销毁,追根溯源,立案查处,对涉及面广、性质严重、影响较大的制售假劣兽药案件,要依法移交公安部门查处。对制售假劣兽药的生产经营企业,依法严肃查处,问题严重的,依法撤销兽药产品批准文号,吊销《兽药生产许可证》或《兽药经营许可证》。建立健全假劣兽药案件举报制度、大案要案督办以及案件查办结果通报制度。要集中力量,依法严肃查处一批违法案例并予以公开曝光。

  三、进一步加强能力建设,不断提高监管水平

  (一)建立健全兽药监督执法体系。按照“属地管理,分级负责,强化监督”的原则,各级畜牧兽医管理部门要依托现有机构,积极整合执法资源,大力推进畜牧兽医综合执法。加强基层监督执法队伍和能力建设,加大监督执法工作经费投入,改善基层监督执法条件,提高工作效能。加强监督执法人员的业务培训,提高执法水平。

  (二)加强基础设施建设。进一步加强兽药行业监督管理基础设施建设,提高行政审批、执法监督、兽药检测和残留监控技术支撑能力。加强兽药质量评价及残留检测技术研究,为严厉打击违法行为提供技术支持。加强兽药监管信息化建设,推进兽药产品编码技术应用,提高兽药监管工作效率和质量。加大兽药行业管理经费投入力度,积极争取将兽药审批、兽药产品质量监督抽检、兽药残留监控以及兽药监督执法经费纳入各级财政预算。

  (三)完善监督执法工作机制。建立健全区域间、部门间沟通协调、密切协作工作机制,建立信息通报反馈制度、产区销区联动监管制度、跨省跨地区联合办案制度,形成监管合力,提高执法效能。建立违法企业和产品查处督办制度,形成全国兽药打假联动机制。

  四、进一步加强领导,落实监管责任和生产经营主体责任

  (一)强化监管责任落实。各级畜牧兽医管理部门要按照食品安全地方负总责的原则,在当地政府统一领导下,进一步落实属地管理责任。各地要切实加强领导,建立健全责任制,层层分解工作责任,做到有抓手、有部署、有检查、有奖惩。坚决纠正有法不依、执法不严、以罚代管的现象,切实把各项制度和工作责任落到实处。

  (二)严格落实企业主体责任。各级畜牧兽医管理部门要对兽药生产经营企业加强宣传,强化企业是兽药质量安全第一责任人的意识,督促企业健全责任体系。生产经营企业要依法履行兽药质量安全主体责任,法定代表人或主要负责人负首要责任,质量安全主管人员负直接责任。企业要建立质量安全保障体系和管理制度,加强质量管理机构建设和人员培训,强化全体员工质量安全意识,实现全员、全过程、全方位管理,切实提高企业产品质量控制能力。

  (三)加强舆论宣传。各级畜牧兽医管理部门要加大对社会公众的宣传力度,广泛宣传兽药管理的法律法规、监管措施、行业发展成就以及发挥的重要作用。要高度重视并及时核查媒体反映的问题,建立专家队伍,及时主动做好热点问题的解读和科普宣传。对突发质量安全事件,要迅速反应、立即行动、严肃查处、如实报告,依法依规发布信息,积极回应媒体关切,加强宣传,正确引导舆论导向。

  (四)加强诚信体系建设。各地畜牧兽医管理部门要积极探索建立企业诚信档案,将企业基本情况、行政审批结果、日常监管情况、监督检查结果、违规行为记录、特殊事项抽查及社会监督等信息纳入企业诚信档案,强化企业守法生产经营意识。兽药行业协会要积极引导行业自律,推进企业守法生产、诚信经营,营造公平竞争的良好发展环境。


                                       农业部

                                      2012年7月16日


附件:
农医发〔2012〕16号.CEB

http://www.moa.gov.cn/govpublic/SYJ/201207/t20120720_2798160.htm



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太原市民用建筑节能管理办法

山西省太原市人民政府


太原市人民政府令

第58号


《太原市民用建筑节能管理办法》于2007年3月1日太原市人民政府第3次常务会议通过,根据2010年12月30日太原市人民政府第12次常务会议通过的《太原市人民政府关于废止和修改部分政府规章的决定》修改,现予发布。




太原市民用建筑节能管理办法


第一条 为加强民用建筑节能管理,降低建筑物使用能耗,提高能源利用效率,促进我市经济和社会可持续发展,根据国家有关法律、法规等规定,结合本市实际,制定本办法。
第二条 本市行政区域内新建、改建、扩建和使用、维护、装修建筑工程中的建筑节能及相关活动,适用本办法。
第三条 本办法所称民用建筑节能,是指在建筑的规划、设计、建造和使用过程中,通过执行建筑节能标准,提高建筑围护结构热工性能,采用节能型用能系统和可再生能源利用系统,降低建筑能源消耗的活动。
第四条 市建设行政主管部门负责本市建筑节能的监督管理工作。市建设行政主管部门可以委托市建筑节能管理机构承担本市建筑节能监督管理的具体工作。
各县(市)建设行政主管部门负责本行政区域内建筑节能的监督管理工作。
发展和改革、经济和信息化、财政、规划、房产等有关部门按照各自职责,协同做好建筑节能管理工作。
第五条 市、县(市)建设行政主管部门负责编制本行政区域内建筑节能的专项规划,经同级人民政府批准后,纳入国民经济和社会发展规划。建筑节能专项规划由市、县(市)建设行政主管部门负责组织实施。
第六条 市人民政府建立推进建筑节能的经济激励政策,鼓励多元化、多渠道投资建设节能建筑和对既有建筑的节能改造。
第七条 市、县(市)人民政府根据实际情况安排建筑节能资金,用于支持新材料、新技术、新能源和可再生能源的研究应用以及既有建筑节能改造等活动。具体办法由市建设行政主管部门会同市财政部门制定。
第八条 鼓励开展建筑节能的科学研究和技术开发,大力推广应用节能技术、材料、产品、设备,促进可再生能源的开发利用。重点发展下列建筑节能技术与产品:
(一)新型节能墙体和屋面的保温、隔热技术与材料;
(二)节能门窗的保温隔热和密闭技术;
(三)集中供热和热、电、冷联产联供技术;
(四)供热采暖系统温度调控和分户热量计量技术与装置;
(五)太阳能、地热等可再生能源应用技术及设备;
(六)建筑照明节能设计与产品;
(七)空调制冷节能技术与产品;
(八)其他技术成熟、效果显著的节能技术和节能管理技术。
第九条 建筑工程所使用的建筑材料、产品、设备和技术应当符合国家建筑节能标准以及相关建筑节能规范的要求。禁止使用国家明令淘汰的建筑材料、产品、设备和技术。
建筑物照明工程应当合理选择照明标准、照明方式、控制方式并充分利用自然光,选用节能型产品,降低照明能耗,提高照明质量。
第十条 新建、改建、扩建的建筑工程应当执行国家和省颁布的建筑节能标准;既有建筑应当按照建筑节能标准和有关技术要求逐步进行改造。
第十一条 新建、改建、扩建的建筑,应当安装分户用能计量装置和室内温度调控装置。
第十二条 建筑工程项目需要编制可行性研究报告的,应当设立建筑节能专篇。
第十三条 城市规划行政主管部门在审查城镇详细规划和建筑设计方案时,应当在建筑的布局、朝向、通风和绿化等方面综合考虑能源利用和建筑节能的要求。
第十四条 建设单位应当按照建筑节能标准和技术规范的要求委托工程项目的设计、施工和监理,不得擅自修改节能设计文件;不得以任何理由要求设计单位、施工单位降低建筑节能标准。
按照合同约定由建设单位采购建筑材料和设备的,建设单位应当保证其符合建筑节能标准。
第十五条 设计单位对建筑工程项目应当按照节能设计标准、规范和节能技术的要求进行设计,保证建筑节能设计质量。设计文件中应当设立建筑节能专篇。
第十六条 施工图设计文件审查机构应当对施工图设计文件中的建筑节能进行审查并单列节能审查内容。未经审查或者不符合建筑节能标准的,不得出具施工图设计文件审查合格书。
经审查批准的施工图设计文件确需修改变更的,应当由原设计单位设计变更并出具设计图纸。涉及到建筑节能标准的,应当报原审查机构重新审查并备案。
第十七条 施工单位应当按照审查合格的设计文件和建筑节能标准的要求进行施工。施工技术方案中应当设立建筑节能的专项篇章。
第十八条 工程监理单位应当按照审查合格的施工图设计文件和建筑节能标准的要求实施工程监理。监理大纲应当设立建筑节能施工质量监理的专项篇章。
第十九条 建设工程质量监督机构应当加强对建筑节能标准执行情况的监督检查,并在提交的建设工程质量监督报告中,提出有关建筑节能的专项监督意见。
第二十条 建设单位在组织工程竣工验收时,应当同时验收建筑节能的实施情况,并在向建设行政主管部门备案的工程竣工验收报告中注明建筑节能的实施内容和验收情况。
第二十一条 建设行政主管部门应当对建设单位报送的建筑工程竣工验收报告和有关材料进行建筑节能专项审查,对达不到建筑节能标准的工程项目,责令限期改正。
第二十二条 销售或者交付建筑物时,应当在建筑物使用说明书中注明建筑物围护结构、用能系统和可再生能源系统的状况以及使用保护要求。
第二十三条 建筑物所有权人或者使用人在使用、装修、维护、改造建筑物过程中,应当遵守建筑节能的规定和要求,不得损坏原有的建筑节能设施。
第二十四条 市建设行政主管部门应当会同有关部门制定建筑物能源消耗统计办法,按照建筑物的类别、使用功能和规模等,对建筑物能源消耗进行统计和分析评价。建筑物所有权人、使用人或者物业管理单位应当如实提供建筑物能源消耗数据。
第二十五条 建设行政主管部门应当加强建筑节能的宣传培训工作,组织从事建筑节能及其相关管理活动的单位,对其从业人员进行建筑节能标准与技术等专业知识培训。
第二十六条 建设单位、设计单位、施工图审查机构、施工单位、监理单位违反本办法,未按照建筑节能标准和规范进行工程设计、审查、施工、监理和竣工验收的,依照《中华人民共和国建筑法》、《建设工程质量管理条例》等有关法律、法规的规定予以处罚。
第二十七条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的,可以依法申请行政复议或者提起行政诉讼。
第二十八条 建设行政主管部门和建筑节能管理机构的工作人员,在实施建筑节能监管过程中,玩忽职守、滥用职权、徇私舞弊的,依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
第二十九条 本规定自2007年5月1日起实施。

中华人民共和国加入议定书(英文本)

世界贸易组织法律文件


PROTOCOL ON THE ACCESSION OF
THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA


Preamble

The World Trade Organization ("WTO"), pursuant to the approval of the Ministerial Conference of the WTO accorded under Article XII of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization ("WTO Agreement"), and the People's Republic of China ("China"),

Recalling that China was an original contracting party to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947,

Taking note that China is a signatory to the Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations,

Taking note of the Report of the Working Party on the Accession of China in document WT/ACC/CHN/49 ("Working Party Report"),

Having regard to the results of the negotiations concerning China's membership in the WTO,

Agree as follows:

Part I - General Provisions

1. General

1. Upon accession, China accedes to the WTO Agreement pursuant to Article XII of that Agreement and thereby becomes a Member of the WTO.

2. The WTO Agreement to which China accedes shall be the WTO Agreement as rectified, amended or otherwise modified by such legal instruments as may have entered into force before the date of accession. This Protocol, which shall include the commitments referred to in paragraph 342 of the Working Party Report, shall be an integral part of the WTO Agreement.

3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, those obligations in the Multilateral Trade Agreements annexed to the WTO Agreement that are to be implemented over a period of time starting with entry into force of that Agreement shall be implemented by China as if it had accepted that Agreement on the date of its entry into force.

4. China may maintain a measure inconsistent with paragraph 1of Article II of the General Agreement on Trade in Services ("GATS") provided that such a measure is recorded in the List of Article II Exemptions annexed to this Protocol and meets the conditions of the Annex to the GATS on Article II Exemptions.

2. Administration of the Trade Regime

(A) Uniform Administration

1. The provisions of the WTO Agreement and this Protocol shall apply to the entire customs territory of China, including border trade regions and minority autonomous areas, Special Economic Zones, open coastal cities, economic and technical development zones and other areas where special regimes for tariffs, taxes and regulations are established (collectively referred to as "special economic areas").

2. China shall apply and administer in a uniform, impartial and reasonable manner all its laws, regulations and other measures of the central government as well as local regulations, rules and other measures issued or applied at the sub-national level (collectively referred to as "laws, regulations and other measures") pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights ("TRIPS") or the control of foreign exchange.

3. China's local regulations, rules and other measures of local governments at the sub-national level shall conform to the obligations undertaken in the WTO Agreement and this Protocol.

4. China shall establish a mechanism under which individuals and enterprises can bring to the attention of the national authorities cases of non-uniform application of the trade regime.

(B) Special Economic Areas

1. China shall notify to the WTO all the relevant laws, regulations and other measures relating to its special economic areas, listing these areas by name and indicating the geographic boundaries that define them. China shall notify the WTO promptly, but in any case within 60 days, of any additions or modifications to its special economic areas, including notification of the laws, regulations and other measures relating thereto.

2. China shall apply to imported products, including physically incorporated components, introduced into the other parts of China's customs territory from the special economic areas, all taxes, charges and measures affecting imports, including import restrictions and customs and tariff charges, that are normally applied to imports into the other parts of China's customs territory.

3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, in providing preferential arrangements for enterprises within such special economic areas, WTO provisions on non-discrimination and national treatment shall be fully observed.

(C) Transparency

1. China undertakes that only those laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange that are published and readily available to other WTO Members, individuals and enterprises, shall be enforced. In addition, China shall make available to WTO Members, upon request, all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange before such measures are implemented or enforced. In emergency situations, laws, regulations and other measures shall be made available at the latest when they are implemented or enforced.

2. China shall establish or designate an official journal dedicated to the publication of all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange and, after publication of its laws, regulations or other measures in such journal, shall provide a reasonable period for comment to the appropriate authorities before such measures are implemented, except for those laws, regulations and other measures involving national security, specific measures setting foreign exchange rates or monetary policy and other measures the publication of which would impede law enforcement. China shall publish this journal on a regular basis and make copies of all issues of this journal readily available to individuals and enterprises.

3. China shall establish or designate an enquiry point where, upon request of any individual, enterprise or WTO Member all information relating to the measures required to be published under paragraph 2(C)1 of this Protocol may be obtained. Replies to requests for information shall generally be provided within 30 days after receipt of a request. In exceptional cases, replies may be provided within 45 days after receipt of a request. Notice of the delay and the reasons therefor shall be provided in writing to the interested party. Replies to WTO Members shall be complete and shall represent the authoritative view of the Chinese government. Accurate and reliable information shall be provided to individuals and enterprises.

(D) Judicial Review

1. China shall establish, or designate, and maintain tribunals, contact points and procedures for the prompt review of all administrative actions relating to the implementation of laws, regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application referred to in Article X:1 of the GATT 1994, Article VI of the GATS and the relevant provisions of the TRIPS Agreement. Such tribunals shall be impartial and independent of the agency entrusted with administrative enforcement and shall not have any substantial interest in the outcome of the matter.

2. Review procedures shall include the opportunity for appeal, without penalty, by individuals or enterprises affected by any administrative action subject to review. If the initial right of appeal is to an administrative body, there shall in all cases be the opportunity to choose to appeal the decision to a judicial body. Notice of the decision on appeal shall be given to the appellant and the reasons for such decision shall be provided in writing. The appellant shall also be informed of any right to further appeal.

3. Non-discrimination

Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of:

(a) the procurement of inputs and goods and services necessary for production and the conditions under which their goods are produced, marketed or sold, in the domestic market and for export; and

(b) the prices and availability of goods and services supplied by national and sub-national authorities and public or state enterprises, in areas including transportation, energy, basic telecommunications, other utilities and factors of production.

4. Special Trade Arrangements

Upon accession, China shall eliminate or bring into conformity with the WTO Agreement all special trade arrangements, including barter trade arrangements, with third countries and separate customs territories, which are not in conformity with the WTO Agreement.

5. Right to Trade

1. Without prejudice to China's right to regulate trade in a manner consistent with the WTO Agreement, China shall progressively liberalize the availability and scope of the right to trade, so that, within three years after accession, all enterprises in China shall have the right to trade in all goods throughout the customs territory of China, except for those goods listed in Annex 2A which continue to be subject to state trading in accordance with this Protocol. Such right to trade shall be the right to import and export goods. All such goods shall be accorded national treatment under Article III of the GATT 1994, especially paragraph 4 thereof, in respect of their internal sale, offering for sale, purchase, transportation, distribution or use, including their direct access to end-users. For those goods listed in Annex 2B, China shall phase out limitation on the grant of trading rights pursuant to the schedule in that Annex. China shall complete all necessary legislative procedures to implement these provisions during the transition period.

2. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, all foreign individuals and enterprises, including those not invested or registered in China, shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to enterprises in China with respect to the right to trade.

6. State Trading

1. China shall ensure that import purchasing procedures of state trading enterprises are fully transparent, and in compliance with the WTO Agreement, and shall refrain from taking any measure to influence or direct state trading enterprises as to the quantity, value, or country of origin of goods purchased or sold, except in accordance with the WTO Agreement.

2. As part of China's notification under the GATT 1994 and the Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XVII of the GATT 1994, China shall also provide full information on the pricing mechanisms of its state trading enterprises for exported goods.

7. Non-Tariff Measures

1. China shall implement the schedule for phased elimination of the measures contained in Annex 3. During the periods specified in Annex 3, the protection afforded by the measures listed in that Annex shall not be increased or expanded in size, scope or duration, nor shall any new measures be applied, unless in conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement.

2. In implementing the provisions of Articles III and XI of the GATT 1994 and the Agreement on Agriculture, China shall eliminate and shall not introduce, re-introduce or apply non-tariff measures that cannot be justified under the provisions of the WTO Agreement. For all non-tariff measures, whether or not referred to in Annex 3, that are applied after the date of accession, consistent with the WTO Agreement or this Protocol, China shall allocate and otherwise administer such measures in strict conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement, including GATT 1994 and Article XIII thereof, and the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, including notification requirements.

3. China shall, upon accession, comply with the TRIMs Agreement, without recourse to the provisions of Article 5 of the TRIMs Agreement. China shall eliminate and cease to enforce trade and foreign exchange balancing requirements, local content and export or performance requirements made effective through laws, regulations or other measures. Moreover, China will not enforce provisions of contracts imposing such requirements. Without prejudice to the relevant provisions of this Protocol, China shall ensure that the distribution of import licences, quotas, tariff-rate quotas, or any other means of approval for importation, the right of importation or investment by national and sub-national authorities, is not conditioned on: whether competing domestic suppliers of such products exist; or performance requirements of any kind, such as local content, offsets, the transfer of technology, export performance or the conduct of research and development in China.

4. Import and export prohibitions and restrictions, and licensing requirements affecting imports and exports shall only be imposed and enforced by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization from the national authorities. Such measures which are not imposed by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization from the national authorities, shall not be implemented or enforced.

8. Import and Export Licensing

1. In implementing the WTO Agreement and provisions of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, China shall undertake the following measures to facilitate compliance with these agreements:

(a) China shall publish on a regular basis the following in the official journal referred to in paragraph 2(C)2 of this Protocol:

- by product, the list of all organizations, including those organizations delegated such authority by the national authorities, that are responsible for authorizing or approving imports or exports, whether through grant of licence or other approval;

- procedures and criteria for obtaining such import or export licences or other approvals, and the conditions for deciding whether they should be granted;

- a list of all products, by tariff number, that are subject to tendering requirements, including information on products subject to such tendering requirements and any changes, pursuant to the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures;

- a list of all goods and technologies whose import or export are restricted or prohibited; these goods shall also be notified to the Committee on Import Licensing;

- any changes to the list of goods and technologies whose import and export are restricted or prohibited.

Copies of these submissions in one or more official languages of the WTO shall be forwarded to the WTO for circulation to WTO Members and for submission to the Committee on Import Licensing within 75 days of each publication.

(b) China shall notify the WTO of all licensing and quota requirements remaining in effect after accession, listed separately by HS tariff line and with the quantities associated with the restriction, if any, and the justification for maintaining the restriction or its scheduled date of termination.

(c) China shall submit the notification of its import licensing procedures to the Committee on Import Licensing. China shall report annually to the Committee on Import Licensing on its automatic import licensing procedures, explaining the circumstances which give rise to these requirements and justifying the need for their continuation. This report shall also provide the information listed in Article 3 of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures.

(d) China shall issue import licences for a minimum duration of validity of six months, except where exceptional circumstances make this impossible. In such cases, China shall promptly notify the Committee on Import Licensing of the exceptional circumstances requiring the shorter period of licence validity.

2. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of the distribution of import and export licences and quotas.

9. Price Controls

1. China shall, subject to paragraph 2 below, allow prices for traded goods and services in every sector to be determined by market forces, and multi-tier pricing practices for such goods and services shall be eliminated.

2. The goods and services listed in Annex 4 may be subject to price controls, consistent with the WTO Agreement, in particular Article III of the GATT 1994 and Annex 2, paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Agreement on Agriculture. Except in exceptional circumstances, and subject to notification to the WTO, price controls shall not be extended to goods or services beyond those listed in Annex 4, and China shall make best efforts to reduce and eliminate these controls.

3. China shall publish in the official journal the list of goods and services subject to state pricing and changes thereto.

10. Subsidies

1. China shall notify the WTO of any subsidy within the meaning of Article 1 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures ("SCM Agreement"), granted or maintained in its territory, organized by specific product, including those subsidies defined in Article 3 of the SCM Agreement. The information provided should be as specific as possible, following the requirements of the questionnaire on subsidies as noted in Article 25 of the SCM Agreement.

2. For purposes of applying Articles 1.2 and 2 of the SCM Agreement, subsidies provided to state-owned enterprises will be viewed as specific if, inter alia, state-owned enterprises are the predominant recipients of such subsidies or state-owned enterprises receive disproportionately large amounts of such subsidies.

3. China shall eliminate all subsidy programmes falling within the scope of Article 3 of the SCM Agreement upon accession.

11. Taxes and Charges Levied on Imports and Exports

1. China shall ensure that customs fees or charges applied or administered by national or sub-national authorities, shall be in conformity with the GATT 1994.

2. China shall ensure that internal taxes and charges, including value-added taxes, applied or administered by national or sub-national authorities shall be in conformity with the GATT 1994.

3. China shall eliminate all taxes and charges applied to exports unless specifically provided for in Annex 6 of this Protocol or applied in conformity with the provisions of Article VIII of the GATT 1994.

4. Foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall, upon accession, be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of the provision of border tax adjustments.

12. Agriculture

1. China shall implement the provisions contained in China's Schedule of Concessions and Commitments on Goods and, as specifically provided in this Protocol, those of the Agreement on Agriculture. In this context, China shall not maintain or introduce any export subsidies on agricultural products.

2. China shall, under the Transitional Review Mechanism, notify fiscal and other transfers between or among state-owned enterprises in the agricultural sector (whether national or sub-national) and other enterprises that operate as state trading enterprises in the agricultural sector.

13. Technical Barriers to Trade

1. China shall publish in the official journal all criteria, whether formal or informal, that are the basis for a technical regulation, standard or conformity assessment procedure.

2. China shall, upon accession, bring into conformity with the TBT Agreement all technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures.

3. China shall apply conformity assessment procedures to imported products only to determine compliance with technical regulations and standards that are consistent with the provisions of this Protocol and the WTO Agreement. Conformity assessment bodies will determine the conformity of imported products with commercial terms of contracts only if authorized by the parties to such contract. China shall ensure that such inspection of products for compliance with the commercial terms of contracts does not affect customs clearance or the granting of import licences for such products.

4. (a) Upon accession, China shall ensure that the same technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures are applied to both imported and domestic products. In order to ensure a smooth transition from the current system, China shall ensure that, upon accession, all certification, safety licensing, and quality licensing bodies and agencies are authorized to undertake these activities for both imported and domestic products, and that, one year after accession, all conformity assessment bodies and agencies are authorized to undertake conformity assessment for both imported and domestic products. The choice of body or agency shall be at the discretion of the applicant. For imported and domestic products, all bodies and agencies shall issue the same mark and charge the same fee. They shall also provide the same processing periods and complaint procedures. Imported products shall not be subject to more than one conformity assessment. China shall publish and make readily available to other WTO Members, individuals, and enterprises full information on the respective responsibilities of its conformity assessment bodies and agencies.

(b) No later than 18 months after accession, China shall assign the respective responsibilities of its conformity assessment bodies solely on the basis of the scope of work and type of product without any consideration of the origin of a product. The respective responsibilities that will be assigned to China's conformity assessment bodies will be notified to the TBT Committee 12 months after accession.

14. Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

China shall notify to the WTO all laws, regulations and other measures relating to its sanitary and phytosanitary measures, including product coverage and relevant international standards, guidelines and recommendations, within 30 days after accession.

15. Price Comparability in Determining Subsidies and Dumping

Article VI of the GATT 1994, the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 ("Anti-Dumping Agreement") and the SCM Agreement shall apply in proceedings involving imports of Chinese origin into a WTO Member consistent with the following:

(a) In determining price comparability under Article VI of the GATT 1994 and the Anti-Dumping Agreement, the importing WTO Member shall use either Chinese prices or costs for the industry under investigation or a methodology that is not based on a strict comparison with domestic prices or costs in China based on the following rules:

(i) If the producers under investigation can clearly show that market economy conditions prevail in the industry producing the like product with regard to the manufacture, production and sale of that product, the importing WTO Member shall use Chinese prices or costs for the industry under investigation in determining price comparability;

(ii) The importing WTO Member may use a methodology that is not based on a strict comparison with domestic prices or costs in China if the producers under investigation cannot clearly show that market economy conditions prevail in the industry producing the like product with regard to manufacture, production and sale of that product.

(b) In proceedings under Parts II, III and V of the SCM Agreement, when addressing subsidies described in Articles 14(a), 14(b), 14(c) and 14(d), relevant provisions of the SCM Agreement shall apply; however, if there are special difficulties in that application, the importing WTO Member may then use methodologies for identifying and measuring the subsidy benefit which take into account the possibility that prevailing terms and conditions in China may not always be available as appropriate benchmarks. In applying such methodologies, where practicable, the importing WTO Member should adjust such prevailing terms and conditions before considering the use of terms and conditions prevailing outside China.

(c) The importing WTO Member shall notify methodologies used in accordance with subparagraph (a) to the Committee on Anti-Dumping Practices and shall notify methodologies used in accordance with subparagraph (b) to the Committee on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.

(d) Once China has established, under the national law of the importing WTO Member, that it is a market economy, the provisions of subparagraph (a) shall be terminated provided that the importing Member's national law contains market economy criteria as of the date of accession. In any event, the provisions of subparagraph (a)(ii) shall expire 15 years after the date of accession. In addition, should China establish, pursuant to the national law of the importing WTO Member, that market economy conditions prevail in a particular industry or sector, the non-market economy provisions of subparagraph (a) shall no longer apply to that industry or sector.

16. Transitional Product-Specific Safeguard Mechanism

1. In cases where products of Chinese origin are being imported into the territory of any WTO Member in such increased quantities or under such conditions as to cause or threaten to cause market disruption to the domestic producers of like or directly competitive products, the WTO Member so affected may request consultations with China with a view to seeking a mutually satisfactory solution, including whether the affected WTO Member should pursue application of a measure under the Agreement on Safeguards. Any such request shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

2. If, in the course of these bilateral consultations, it is agreed that imports of Chinese origin are such a cause and that action is necessary, China shall take such action as to prevent or remedy the market disruption. Any such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

3. If consultations do not lead to an agreement between China and the WTO Member concerned within 60 days of the receipt of a request for consultations, the WTO Member affected shall be free, in respect of such products, to withdraw concessions or otherwise to limit imports only to the extent necessary to prevent or remedy such market disruption. Any such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

4. Market disruption shall exist whenever imports of an article, like or directly competitive with an article produced by the domestic industry, are increasing rapidly, either absolutely or relatively, so as to be a significant cause of material injury, or threat of material injury to the domestic industry. In determining if market disruption exists, the affected WTO Member shall consider objective factors, including the volume of imports, the effect of imports on prices for like or directly competitive articles, and the effect of such imports on the domestic industry producing like or directly competitive products.

5. Prior to application of a measure pursuant to paragraph 3, the WTO Member taking such action shall provide reasonable public notice to all interested parties and provide adequate opportunity for importers, exporters and other interested parties to submit their views and evidence on the appropriateness of the proposed measure and whether it would be in the public interest. The WTO Member shall provide written notice of the decision to apply a measure, including the reasons for such measure and its scope and duration.

6. A WTO Member shall apply a measure pursuant to this Section only for such period of time as may be necessary to prevent or remedy the market disruption. If a measure is taken as a result of a relative increase in the level of imports, China has the right to suspend the application of substantially equivalent concessions or obligations under the GATT 1994 to the trade of the WTO Member applying the measure, if such measure remains in effect more than two years. However, if a measure is taken as a result of an absolute increase in imports, China has a right to suspend the application of substantially equivalent concessions or obligations under the GATT 1994 to the trade of the WTO Member applying the measure, if such measure remains in effect more than three years. Any such action by China shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

7. In critical circumstances, where delay would cause damage which it would be difficult to repair, the WTO Member so affected may take a provisional safeguard measure pursuant to a preliminary determination that imports have caused or threatened to cause market disruption. In this case, notification of the measures taken to the Committee on Safeguards and a request for bilateral consultations shall be effected immediately thereafter. The duration of the provisional measure shall not exceed 200 days during which the pertinent requirements of paragraphs 1, 2 and 5 shall be met. The duration of any provisional measure shall be counted toward the period provided for under paragraph 6.

8. If a WTO Member considers that an action taken under paragraphs 2, 3 or 7 causes or threatens to cause significant diversions of trade into its market, it may request consultations with China and/or the WTO Member concerned. Such consultations shall be held within 30 days after the request is notified to the Committee on Safeguards. If such consultations fail to lead to an agreement between China and the WTO Member or Members concerned within 60 days after the notification, the requesting WTO Member shall be free, in respect of such product, to withdraw concessions accorded to or otherwise limit imports from China, to the extent necessary to prevent or remedy such diversions. Such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

9. Application of this Section shall be terminated 12 years after the date of accession.

17. Reservations by WTO Members

All prohibitions, quantitative restrictions and other measures maintained by WTO Members against imports from China in a manner inconsistent with the WTO Agreement are listed in Annex 7. All such prohibitions, quantitative restrictions and other measures shall be phased out or dealt with in accordance with mutually agreed terms and timetables as specified in the said Annex.

18. Transitional Review Mechanism

1. Those subsidiary bodies1 of the WTO which have a mandate covering China's commitments under the WTO Agreement or this Protocol shall, within one year after accession and in accordance with paragraph 4 below, review, as appropriate to their mandate, the implementation by China of the WTO Agreement and of the related provisions of this Protocol. China shall provide relevant information, including information specified in Annex 1A, to each subsidiary body in advance of the review. China can also raise issues relating to any reservations under Section 17 or to any other specific commitments made by other Members in this Protocol, in those subsidiary bodies which have a relevant mandate. Each subsidiary body shall report the results of such review promptly to the relevant Council established by paragraph 5 of Article IV of the WTO Agreement, if applicable, which shall in turn report promptly to the General Council.

2. The General Council shall, within one year after accession, and in accordance with paragraph 4 below, review the implementation by China of the WTO Agreement and the provisions of this Protocol. The General Council shall conduct such review in accordance with the framework set out in Annex 1B and in the light of the results of any reviews held pursuant to paragraph 1. China also can raise issues relating to any reservations under Section 17 or to any other specific commitments made by other Members in this Protocol. The General Council may make recommendations to China and to other Members in these respects.

3. Consideration of issues pursuant to this Section shall be without prejudice to the rights and obligations of any Member, including China, under the WTO Agreement or any Plurilateral Trade Agreement, and shall not preclude or be a precondition to recourse to consultation or other provisions of the WTO Agreement or this Protocol.

4. The review provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2 will take place after accession in each year for eight years. Thereafter there will be a final review in year 10 or at an earlier date decided by the General Council.

Part II - Schedules

1. The Schedules annexed to this Protocol shall become the Schedule of Concessions and Commitments annexed to the GATT 1994 and the Schedule of Specific Commitments annexed to the GATS relating to China. The staging of concessions and commitments listed in the Schedules shall be implemented as specified in the relevant parts of the relevant Schedules.

2. For the purpose of the reference in paragraph 6(a) of Article II of the GATT 1994 to the date of that Agreement, the applicable date in respect of the Schedules of Concessions and Commitments annexed to this Protocol shall be the date of accession.

Part III - Final Provisions

1. This Protocol shall be open for acceptance, by signature or otherwise, by China until 1 January 2002.

2. This Protocol shall enter into force on the thirtieth day following the day of its acceptance.

3. This Protocol shall be deposited with the Director-General of the WTO. The Director-General shall promptly furnish a certified copy of this Protocol and a notification of acceptance by China thereof, pursuant to paragraph 1 of Part III of this Protocol, to each WTO Member and to China.

4. This Protocol shall be registered in accordance with the provisions of Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

Done at Doha this tenth day of November two thousand and one, in a single copy, in the English, French and Spanish languages, each text being authentic, except that a Schedule annexed hereto may specify that it is authentic in only one or more of these languages.

1 Council for Trade in Goods, Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Council for Trade in Services, Committees on Balance-of-Payments Restrictions, Market Access (covering also ITA), Agriculture, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Technical Barriers to Trade, Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, Anti-Dumping Measures, Customs Valuation, Rules of Origin, Import Licensing, Trade-Related Investment Measures, Safeguards, Trade in Financial Services.


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